The forming of glass is the process of transforming fused glass into inherent geometry. There are many ways to form glass, such as pressing, blowing, drawing, depressing, casting and so on.
One. repressive method
Pressing method: injection of fused glass into the mold, placing the die ring, pressing the punch, forming a product between the punch and the die ring and the model.
Process characteristics
Advantage:
The shape is accurate, the outside pattern products are simple and the production capacity is high.
Shortcomings:
1. The inner cavity of the product should not be enlarged downward, otherwise the punch can not be removed, and the side wall of the inner cavity can not be convex or concave.
2, it is impossible to produce products with thin wall and long inner cavity in the vertical direction.
3, the product surface is not smooth, often spots and mold joints;
Applications: solid and hollow glass products, glass tiles, water cups, vases, tableware, etc.
Two. Blowing method
Blowing method: blowing the fused glass into the mold by blowing or blowing the head.
It mainly includes artificial blowing and mechanical blowing.
1. Artificial blowing
Process features: smooth surface, accurate size and low efficiency.
Application: small batch, making high-grade utensils, artistic glass and so on.
2. Mechanical blowing
Process features: two steps: pressing and blowing, forming mouth and chick.
Application: production of hollow bottles, small bottles and other hollow products.
Three. drawing method
Drawing method: it is a method to draw fused glass into the mold, and then draw it into a product through a cooler and mechanical means.
Application: mainly used for producing glass tube, bar, flat glass, glass fiber and so on.
Four. calendering
Depressing method: the method of rolling fused glass into glass products between rolls or rolls.
Applications: thick flat glass, cut glass, laminated glass and so on.
Five. Casting method
Casting method: the fused glass is injected into the mold and annealed and cooled to obtain the product.
Process features: low equipment requirements, small product limitations, suitable for large products, but the accuracy of products is poor.
Main applications: artistic engraving, building decoration, large diameter glass tube, reaction pot.
Six. float forming
Float method: refers to the method of forming flat glass on molten metal tin liquid surface after melting fused glass into the tin bath.
1. The glass liquid continuously flows into the tin trough from the flow channel and the chute.
2. Glass melt depends on surface tension and gravitational leveling and cooling on molten tin surface.
3. The formed glass is lifted through the roller table and left the tin slot to enter the annealing kiln.
4, through crosscutting, inspection and packing.
Characteristic:
1. The uniformity is good and the transparency is strong.
2. The surface is smooth and the flatness is good.
3. The optical properties are strong.
Application: mainly used in the construction industry, it is glass for civil buildings.